It has a pungent, irritating odor. Ingestion: Since chlorine is a gas at room temperature, it is unlikely that a severe exposure will result from ingestion. For information on preparedness and response (e.g., for first responders and emergency medical personnel), please refer to the following Department resources: Chlorine (Cl2) is among the ten highest volume chemicals manufactured in the United States. Chlorine's odor provides adequate early warning of its presence, but also causes olfactory fatigue or adaptation, reducing awareness of one's prolonged exposure at low concentrations. Contact with combustible material may cause fire. Given the ubiquity and volume of chlorine in industrial and commercial locations, widespread exposures could occur from an accidental spill or release, or from a deliberate terrorist attack. Long-term complications may occur after breathing in high concentrations of chlorine. Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Sheets. 2002. First, here's why many people use chlorine in their swimming pools: 1. It will make the leak worse. Chlorine breaks down oils, lotions and skin flakes, more commonly known as "bather waste". This includes their synonyms and threshold quantities (in pounds) to help assess if a process is subject to the RMP rule. The extent of poisoning caused by chlorine depends on the amount of chlorine a person is exposed to, how the person was exposed, and the length of time of the exposure. Chlorine gas is a strong oxidizer, which may react with flammable materials. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow, poisonous gas. If you wear eyeglasses, wash them with soap and water. Chlorine was used during World War I as a choking (pulmonary) agent. Do not put the contacts back in your eyes. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. In seven randomized, controlle… The health effects resulting from most chlorine exposures begin within seconds to minutes. Flammable Limits - Lower: M : Flammable Limits - Upper: M : Kinematic Viscosity: M : Dynamic Viscosity: M : Explosion Limit - Upper: M : Explosion Limit - Lower: M : Other Information: Oxidiser. However, it is not effective at inactivating some protozoa, such as Cryptosporidium. Despite those less toxic properties, the chemicals in non-chlorinated brake cleaner are highly flammable. ), Physicians’ Desk Reference Guide to Biological and Chemical Warfare Response, 1st ed. Chlorine gas is neither explosive nor flammable. Public Health Service; Atlanta, GA.http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MHMI/mmg172.html, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chlorine gas is greenish yellow, has a very strong odor (it smells like bleach), and is poisonous to humans. It can be ignited by almost any form of energy, including sunlight, heat, or sparks. Moist chlorine can react violently whwn in contact with many materials and generate heat with possible flammable and explosive vapor. Call the following numbers, or visit the websites listed among the "Sources". Let's take a look at … A2L. Chlorine is commonly pressurized and cooled for storage and shipment as an amber-colored liquid. Chlorine will support combustion under certain conditions. Any clothing that has to be pulled over the head should be cut off the body instead of pulled over the head. Chlorine gas appears to be yellow-green in color. Quickly take off clothing that has liquid chlorine on it. Contact with flammable materials may cause fire or explosion. Chlorine gas can be recognized by its pungent, irritating odor, which is like the odor of bleach. Exposure hazards:Althought non-flammable, chlorine is a strong oxidizer and will support the burning of most combustible materials. Crop loss, eye disease, and skin cancer have been attributed to? Chlorine reacts violently with bases, many organic compounds, ammonia, hydrogen, and many finely divided metals. Seek medical attention right away. Chlorine is a naturally occurring element and, as part of the literal salt of the earth, very abundant. Chlorine gas can be pressurized and cooled to change it into a liquid so that it can be shipped and stored. Montvale, NJ: Thomson/Physicians’ Desk Reference, 2002. If the chlorine release was indoors, get out of the building. In: Sifton DW (Ed. Many materials that burn in oxygen (air) atmospheres will also burn in chlorine atmospheres. If you have swallowed (ingested) chlorine, do not induce vomiting or drink fluids. Chlorine 7782-50-5 Hazard Summary Chlorine is a commonly used household cleaner and disinfectant. The diagnosis of chlorine poisoning will primarily be based upon clinical examination and patient history, not laboratory testing. It is also as used as part of the sanitation process for industrial waste and sewage. Eye/Dermal Contact: Low level exposures to chlorine gas will cause eye and skin irritation. Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Chlorine gas can be pressurized and cooled to change it into a liquid so that it can be shipped and stored. Chlorine. At higher levels of exposure, signs and symptoms may progress to chest tightness, wheezing, dyspnea, and bronchospasm. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. ), http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MHMI/mmg172.html, http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlistchem.asp, Addressing the Opioid Epidemic in New York State, Learn About the Dangers of "Synthetic Marijuana", Help Increasing the Text Size in Your Web Browser. Chlorine is sometimes in the form of a poisonous gas. People may also be exposed to chlorine through skin or eye contact, or through ingestion of chlorine-contaminated food or water. ), Chemical Terrorism Wall Chart (PDF, 97KB, 1pg. Unfortunately, chlorine's potential toxicity is not limited to mold and fungus and has actually been linked to serious health dangers for humans. Pulmonary edema may be delayed and, therefore, patients should be monitored for up to 24 hours following severe inhalation exposures. Chlorine attacks plastic, rubber, coatings, and many metals in the presence of water. The oxidation of chlorine may also form hypochlorous acid, which will penetrate cells and react with cytoplasmic proteins to destroy cell structure. Division of Toxicology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Sodium hypochlorite is the most widely used chlorine-based surface disinfectant but has some known drawbacks, notably: inactivation in organic matter; it is corrosive to some metals; and it will leave a particulate residue. The accidental mixture of these two products in homes has resulted in death. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. If chlorine liquid is released into water, people may be exposed by touching or drinking water that contains chlorine. Specific Chlorine Usage Tips Inhalational chlorine poisoning is treated with supportive care and can include administration of humidified oxygen, bronchodilators and airway management. If chlorine gas is released into the air, people may be exposed through skin contact or eye contact. • Never store combustible or flammable materials near chlorine containers. Public Health Service; Atlanta, GA.http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlistchem.asp. However, all chlorine disinfectants are not the same. In addition, they may be exposed to higher levels than adults in the same location because of their shorter height and the higher levels of chlorine gas that may be found nearer the ground. Division of Toxicology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Changing 100- and 150-Pound Cylinders The strong oxidizing effects of chlorine cause hydrogen to split from water in moist tissue, resulting in the release of nascent oxygen and hydrogen chloride which produce corrosive tissue damage. You can put the eyeglasses back on after you wash them. During the production of paper and cloth, chlorine is used as a bleaching agent. Will not burn, but most combustible materials will burn in chlorine as they do in oxygen; flammable gases will form explosive mixtures with chlorine. Flammable gases and vapors can form explosion mixtures with chlorine. Baby (and Pet) Magnet. It is used to disinfect water and is part of the sanitation process for sewage and industrial waste. As quickly as possible, wash your entire body with large amounts of soap and water. Chlorine is a renewable resource, produced by the Chlorine Gas Vent. • Don’t spray water on a leaking container. When stored and used properly, it can serve the function of keeping the water in your swimming pool clean. Prevent from entering sewers, basements and workpits, or any place where its ... Chlorine Safety Data Sheet P-4580 It may be updated as new information becomes available. Leave the area where the chlorine was released and get to fresh air. IDENTIFICATION Chlorine Dioxide is a yellow to red gas with an irritating odor similar to Chlorine. Chlorine is neither explosive nor flammable. Chlorine. Chemical burns which result from chlorine exposure should be treated as thermal burns. Chlorine is used in the preparation of chlorides, chlorinated solvents, pesticides, polymers, synthetic rubbers, and refrigerants. If mixed with certain materials such as ammonia or acetylene, it can become unstable, forming explosive compounds or reactions. To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Numerous studies have shown complete removal of bacterial pathogens in SWS treated water in developing countries. Chlorine itself is not flammable, but it can react explosively or form explosive compounds with other chemicals such as turpentine and ammonia. Chlorine dioxide is strongly oxidising, and reacts violently with organic chemicals and can be detonated by sunlight, heat, or contact with mercury or carbon monoxide. (pp. A copy of the The Facts About Chlorine (Technical Information) is available in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF, 63 KB, 3pg.). During or immediately after exposure to dangerous concentrations of chlorine, the following signs and symptoms may develop: Burning pain, redness, and blisters on the skin if exposed to gas. Liquid chlorine is another type which is created by bubbling the chlorine gas through a solution of caustic soda. Medical Management Guidelines for Chlorine. Coughing and vomiting may occur at 30 ppm and lung damage at 60 ppm. Chlorine is an element used in industry and found in some household products. Chlorine is used in drinking water and swimming pool water to kill harmful bacteria. While it’s possible to keep bleach away from kids and pets, there are still a … Chlorine was also the first poison gas to be used as a weapon during World War I. Skin injuries similar to frostbite can occur if it is exposed to liquid chlorine, Burning sensation in the nose, throat, and eyes. CDC twenty four seven. 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Sodium hypochlorite in 0.5% w/v solution is called Dakin's solution, and is … Complications are more likely to be seen in people who develop severe health problems such as fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) following the initial exposure. However, ingestion of chlorine dissolved in water (e.g., sodium hypochlorite or household bleach) will cause corrosive tissue damage of the gastrointestinal tract. Bleach Stone in its item state emits Chlorine unless pressurized (for example, by water). Before entering the area, especially a confined area, check the atmosphere with an appropriate device. • Never attempt to weld an “empty” chlorine pipeline without purging it with air. The fact is that chlorine is poisonous, flammable and corrosive. Thesemay appear immediately if high concentrations of chlorine gas are inhaled, or they may be delayed if low concentrations of chlorine gas are inhaled. Washing with soap and water will help protect people from any chemicals on their bodies. 2003. Chlorine gas can also form when bleach reacts with acids, such as vinegar. Because chlorine is a gas at room temperature, exposure occurs via inhalation. Many organic chemicals react readily with chlorine, sometimes violently. There is no antidote for chlorine poisoning. It kills alga at higher concentrations. Note to reader: This fact sheet is intended to provide general awareness and education on a specific chemical agent. Chlorine Storage Facilities: Buildings used to hold chlorine containers and equipment should comply with all … Chlorine is slightly water soluble, and reacts with moisture to form hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Chlorine is not flammable, but may react explosively or form explosive compounds with many common substances (including acetylene, ether, turpentine, ammonia, natural gas, hydrogen, and finely divided metals). Showing these signs or symptoms does not necessarily mean that a person has been exposed to chlorine. Health & Safety in the Home, Workplace & Outdoors, Clinical Guidelines, Standards & Quality of Care, All Health Care Professionals & Patient Safety, The Facts About Chlorine (Technical Information), Chemical Terrorism Preparedness and Response Card (PDF, 45KB, 7pg. Public Health Service: Atlanta, GA.http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts172.html, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Hydrogen, Chlorine, Fluorine, and Carbon. If the chlorine release was outdoors, move away from the area where the chlorine was released. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Which ASHRAE classification means slightly flammable? Chlorine gas is very acidic, with a pH close to muriatic acid, so these pools using it add a lot of base to counteract this. Then seal the first plastic bag in a second plastic bag. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. High concentrations of chlorine gas can be fatal. 2003. Sodium Hypochlorite is a chlorine compound often used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. Some of the chemical/physical properties of chlorine include: Chlorine has a variety of uses. Inhalation: Most chlorine exposures occur via inhalation. Chlorine is detectable with measuring devices in concentrations as low as 0.2 parts per million (ppm), and by smell at 3 ppm. This makes them inappropriate for vapor degreasing and other more complex cleaning applications. It is important to maintain ventilation and oxygenation, monitor arterial blood gases and/or pulse oximetry, and consider positive airway pressure as a treatment option. If your eyes are burning or your vision is blurred, rinse your eyes with plain water for 10 to 15 minutes. Chlorine is used in industry and in household cleaning products. Higher exposures may result in severe chemical burns or ulcerations. Note: since chlorine gas in air is NOT flammable or explosive, the use of Fire Department smoke ejector electric fans is permissible. Chlorine is slightly water soluble, and reacts with moisture to form hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Chlorine is not flammable, but may react explosively or form explosive compounds with many common substances (including acetylene, ether, turpentine, ammonia, natural gas, hydrogen, and finely divided metals). You should dispose of them even if you do not wear disposable contacts. Their drying time is slightly longer than chlorinated solvents, which is one of their largest trade-offs along with somewhat lower solvency. Chlorine gas is heavier than air, so it would settle in low-lying areas. Household chlorine bleach can release chlorine gas if it is mixed with certain other cleaning agents. Chlorine is a poisonous, greenish-yellow gas described as having a choking odor. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Its most important use is as a bleach in the manufacture of paper and cloth, but it is also used to make pesticides (insect killers), rubber, and solvents. If you are helping other people remove their clothing, try to avoid touching any contaminated areas, and remove the clothing as quickly as possible. If contact with liquid chlorine occurs, immediate decontamination of skin and eyes with copious amounts of water is important. Contact with acids will generate chlorine, a toxic and corrosive gas. Treatment consists of removing the chlorine from the body as soon as possible and providing supportive medical care such as inhaled breathing treatments for wheezing in a hospital setting. Severe exposures may result in noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, which may be delayed for several hours. Humans have harnessed chlorine and most commonly use it for disinfecting purposes. ToxFAQs for Chlorine. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. Chlorine is very reactive and, as a result, is not found in its free form in nature, but only in compounds with other elements. Low level exposures to chlorine in air will cause eye/skin/airway irritation, sore throat and cough. It is a very corrosive, hazardous chemical. It is produced commercially by electrolysis of sodium chloride brine. Regional poison control center: 1-800-222-1222, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Consider dialing 911 and explaining what has happened. When liquid chlorine is released, it quickly turns into a gas that stays close to the ground and spreads rapidly. Many materials that burn in oxygen (air) atmospheres will also burn in chlorine atmospheres. It is used to bleach wood pulp, textiles PROTECTIVE CLOTHING Positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) is a MUST. Chronic (long-term) exposure to chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects, including eye and throat irritation and airflow obstruction. Used improperly, chlorine poses serious risks of illness, injury, fire and explosion. The Rust Deoxidizer produces chlorine along with its other outputs. Furthermore, the reaction of chlorine bleach and ammonia can create dangerous and toxic fumes. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) that may be delayed for a few hours. In water, chlorine is a strong acid, corrosive, and an oxidizer. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Response Hotline (1-888-246-2675), Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1-888-422-8737), Regional Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222). The density of chlorine gas is approximately 2.5 times greater than air, which will cause it to initially remain near the ground in areas with little air movement. The severity of the signs and symptoms caused by chlorine will vary according to amount, route and duration of exposure. Quickly moving to an area where fresh air is available is highly effective in reducing exposure to chlorine. Not every flammability limit is the same. Chlorine is not flammable, but may react explosively or form explosive compounds with many common household products like vinegar or ammonia. Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. Chlorine is not flammable, but may react explosively or form explosive compounds with Has resulted in respiratory effects, including household bleach which is one of their largest trade-offs with... To weld an “ empty ” chlorine pipeline without purging it with.... The reaction of chlorine Dioxide gas is released, it quickly turns into a gas at temperature... Ammonia or acetylene, it can be ignited by almost any form of a poisonous, greenish-yellow gas as... 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